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| Categories: Diabetes in everyday life |
| Diabetes in everyday life | |
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When is a diabetic allowed to do sport?
- Not when suffering from retinopathy: The change of the eye ground can cause dangerous situations when doing sport. You better ask your doctor whether you are allowed to do sport or not.
- Not when having wounds on the sole of the feet: [more information] Injuries of the feet mean that you should take care of the dismayed foot in order to heal the wound. It is important to take special care of new injuries and to treat them as soon as possible.
- Not when suffering from orthostatic hypotension as a consecutive symptom: This nerve damage f the inner organs affects the control of heart rhythm and blood pressure. Instead of regularly doing sports it is better to go for a walk.
- Not when your metabolism is irregular !!! : If you frequently detect high blood glucose levels (more than 250 mg/dl), your body is lacking insulin. Doing sport in such a situation will not lead to a reduction of the blood glucose level but to a further increase.
If none of this is the case, you are free to do sport as you like!
Winter sport
Sport is exhausting. But what effects does physical stress have on a type-1-diabetic ? After the disorder of the homeostasis which can lead to irregularities, positive effects, such as the improvement of the lipidic profile, lowering of the blood pressure and an increasing sensitivity towards insulin, predominate. (Source: Medizinische Welt 5/2004 S.13 Brachran, Beyer) Therefore it is important for diabetics to raise the blood glucose before doing sport and to check it rather frequently. So far most diabetics do know. But what about drinking? Many diabetics do not know that a reduction of the blood glucose speeds up the dehydration within the body. The body loses an unusually high amount of water while you are doing sport and the blood glucose reaches a normal level. The consequences of a serious dehydration are to numerous to mention them all in this context. If you did not take enough sugar before doing sport, this will surely lead to hypoglycaemia. In the table on the left you will find an overview on which kinds of sports carry a high risk and which kinds of sports are connected with a lower risk. People who are not trained well have a distinctly smaller glucose depot which increases the risk of hypoglycaemia. (text goes on below the table)
Overview : Sports and the risk of hypoglycaemia
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Cycling:
High, if the additional consumption of calories is ignored
- Bodybuilding with tools
Low risk when the workout is short, moderately high risk when the workout is longer. You should adjust your therapy to it!
- Tennis
Moderate risk, in case of long duration and a not adjusted therapy, the risk increases
- Gymnastics
Very low risk, because a low amount of energy is needed
- Jogging
High risk, if the therapy ignores them additional consumption of calories
- Bowling
Lo risk, because a low amount of energy is needed
- Alpine skiing [more]
High risk if the duration is long, and if the therapy is not adjusted to it
- Swimming:
high, you better take a lot of additional BE's with you
- cross-country skiing [more]
high, if the therapy is not long-term adjusted to it
- Dancing:
moderate risk of hypoglycaemia
- Walking:
high risk only in case of long duration
- Gardening:
Therapy has to be adjusted only in case of long duration
Overview: Sports that are possible despite after-effects
| After-effects |
appropriate sports |
What you should pay attention to |
| Occlusion of smaller and bigger blood vessels (Micro-/Makroangiopathy) |
Aqua jogging, Cycling, Swimming, Cross-Country Skiing (only in a well practiced condition), Walking, Hiking |
While doing sports you should be able to chat. Please avoid compressed respiration. |
| Sensitive Polyneuropathy |
As already mentioned above, when hiking or walking, you should pay attention to the condition of the path |
shoes and stockings should not cause points of pressure |
| Autonomous Polyneuropathy |
Cycling on plain courses, Walking, Breathing exercise, swimming only in consultation with your doctor |
Do not rush yourself. Start slowly step by step. |
| Nephropathy |
See autonomous neuropathy, exception: breathing exercise |
Avoid dehydration by drinking a lot!!! |
| Heart diseases |
Easy cycling, after consulting your doctor: swimming, as well as special sports for heart diseases |
Avoid peaking blood pressure, therefore no momentarily power workout |
| Diabetic pedopathy |
Foot gymnastics, general gymnastics in a sitting position, ergometer work |
Avoid pressure and rubbing of the feet |
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Diabetic eyes (Retinopathy) - See above |
Cycling on plain courses, walking, swimming |
Avoid intense efforts ,such as push-ups. |
Besides the energy consuming physical activity, the refilling of the muscles during the breaks has to be borne in mind. In case your glucose might still be quite high after the sport, do not give yourself another injection. The glucose level will lower itself as soon as the muscles start refilling. To prevent hypoglycaemia you should reduce the basal rate (ICT) beforehand. In this case the advantages of a pump (CSII) and the disadvantages of the newest basal insulin, for instance the analogue Lanctus, can be seen. With a pump the basal rate can be reduced spontaneously or respectively stopped. Whereas when employing Lanctus you have to know beforehand whether you are doing sport or not because Lanctus has an effect for maximum 24 hours. More information and details can be found under IDAA (International Diabetes Association for Athletics).
As suggested in the summary above, some sports are "harmful" if a person suffers from certain after-effects of diabetes. Not to lose courage is what is most important. Moderate movements that are fun can already have positive effects. Do not forget that the stress is on "moderate" and "fun". Or, as Herman Liebermeister from the DDU said: Especially type-2-diabetics can save additional payments on medication and better spend the money on hiking or jogging equipment. After all you do something good for yourself and you purse. On the left table you will find a list showing which sports are possible despite after-effects . Always following the principle:
Some sport is always possible!
Translated by Jella Eifler |
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in Version 00.08.49